The main eyesight conditions that fall into the eyesight failure
category with aging include:
Presbyopia
Cataract
Glaucoma
Macular Degeneration
Presbyopia
Changes in eyesight start around age 10, and by 40, most people
have symptoms of Presbyopia. Presbyopia is the loss of the ability
to focus on close objects; making reading and close-up work more
difficult.
Cataract
A cataract is an opacity that develops in the lens of the eye or
in its envelope. Age-related cataract may result in increased power
of the crystalline lens, causing near-sightedness [myopia]. It can
also lead to gradual yellowing and opacification of the lens; reducing
the perception of blue colours. Untreated Cataracts can cause vision
loss and blindness.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in the U.S.
It most often occurs in people over age 40. Glaucoma cannot be prevented,
nor can vision lost to glaucoma be restored. If, however, an annual
examination routine is followed, glaucoma can be controlled, as
long as it is diagnosed early.
Macular Degeneration
Macular degeneration is where the center of the inner lining of
the eye, known as the macula area of the retina, suffers thinning,
atrophy, and in some cases bleeding. This can result in loss of
central vision, which entails inability to see fine details, to
read, or to recognize faces. Macular degeneration is leading cause
of central vision loss (blindness) and in the United States today
for those over the age of fifty years.
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